Training Computer:The desktop (overview)

The desktop is the main area of the screen that appears when you turn on your computer and log on to Windows. Like the top of a real desktop, it serves as an area for their work. When you open programs or folders that appear on the desktop. You can also put things on the desktop, such as files and folders, and arrange them however you want.

The desktop is sometimes defined more broadly to include the Windows taskbar and sidebar. The taskbar is located at the bottom of the screen. He shows what programs are running and lets you switch between them. It also contains the Start button, you can use to access programs, folders and computer configuration. On the side of the screen, Sidebar contains small programs called gadgets.

Where do I go from my desktop?
Since the programs that run on top of the desk, the desk is often partially or completely hidden. But even there, underneath it all. To see the full desktop without closing any of its programs or windows open, click the Show Desktop button on the taskbar. The desktop is revealed. Click on the icon again to restore all of their windows to the way it is.
Working with desktop icons
Icons are small pictures that represent files, folders, programs and other issues. The first time you start Windows, you will see at least one icon on the desktop: the Recycle Bin (more on that later). Your computer manufacturer may have added other icons on the desktop. Some examples of the icons on the desktop below.

Double-click a desktop icon starts or opens the item it represents. For example, double-click the icon for Internet Explorer starts Internet Explorer.

Add and remove the icons on the desktop
You can choose the icons on the desktop, you can add or remove an icon at any time. Some people, like a clean, uncluttered desktop with few or no icons. Others place dozens of icons on your desktop to give them quick access to frequently used programs, files and folders.

If you want easy access from the desktop to your favorite files or programs, create shortcuts to them. A shortcut is an icon that represents a link to a topic, rather than the item itself. When you double-click a shortcut, the item opens. If you delete a shortcut, only the shortcut is removed, not the original item. You can identify shortcuts by the arrow on its icon.

Icons moving around
Batteries of the Windows icon in the columns on the left side of the desk. But you're not stuck with that agreement. You can move an icon by dragging it to a new place on the desktop.

You also can have Windows automatically organize your icons. Right-click an empty area of your desktop, click View, then click Auto Arrange. Windows battery icon in the upper left corner and locks into place. To unlock the icons so you can move again, click Auto Arrange again, clearing the check mark next to it.

Note
By default, the Windows icon spaces on a grid uniformly invisible. To place the icons closer to each other, or more accurately, turn off the network. Right-click an empty area of your desktop, click View, then click on Align to Grid to clear the check mark. Repeat these steps to activate the network again.

Selecting multiple icons
To move or delete a bunch of icons at once, you must first select each of them. Click an empty area of your desktop and drag the mouse. Icons of the envelope that you want to select with the rectangle that appears. Then release the mouse button. Now you can drag icons as a group or remove them.

Hide desktop icons
If you want to temporarily hide all your desktop icons, without removing them, right-click an empty part of the desktop, click View, then click Show Desktop Icons to clear the check mark from that option. Now do not display icons on the desktop. You can get back by clicking on Show Desktop Icons again.

The Recycle Bin
When you delete a file or folder, do not actually deleted immediately, which goes to the Recycle Bin. That's a good thing, because if you ever change your mind and decide you need a file deleted, you can get it again.
If you are sure it does not eliminate the need for new items, you can empty the Recycle Bin. Making permanently remove the items and recover all the disk space that is used.
Picking up a screen
One of the easiest ways to personalize your computer is changing the desktop background, also called the wallpaper. You can choose one of the background provided with Windows, choose a favorite digital image of his own collection, or use a solid color background. You can also find pictures on the Internet designed to be used as wallpapers.

Training Computer:To turn off your computer

To turn off your computer
When you have finished using your computer, it is important to turn it off properly, not only saves energy but also to ensure that your data is backed up and to help keep your computer safe. Best of all, your computer starts up quickly the next time you use it.

Use the power button on the Start menu
To turn off your computer, click the Start button, then click the power button in the lower right corner of the Start menu.
When you click on this button, your computer goes to sleep. Windows automatically saves your work, the screen turns off, and any fan noise of the computer stops. Usually a light outside your computer or turns yellow flashes to indicate that the computer is sleeping. The whole process only takes a few seconds.

Because Windows saves your work, there is no need to lock your software and files before putting your computer into standby. The next time you turn on your computer (and your password, if necessary), the screen exactly as it did when you turned off your computer.

To leave your computer, press the power button on your computer. Because you do not have to wait for Windows to boot your computer wakes up in a few seconds and you can resume work almost immediately.

Note
Even if your computer is sleeping, it uses a very small amount of power to maintain your work in his memory. If you use a laptop, do not worry, the battery will not be emptied. After the computer has been dormant for several hours, or if the battery is low, your work is saved on the hard disk, and then the computer shuts off completely, drawing no power.

Why your power button could look different
The Start menu power button can change its appearance.
When you click on this form, your computer stops. Contrary to put your computer to sleep, closes the closure of all open programs, with Windows itself, then go out and show your computer. Because the closure does not save your work, you should back up your files before shutting down.

The power button on your computer shutdown in the following circumstances:

Sleep option is not available on your computer.

You or your computer administrator has the power button to always turn off the computer. (Settings can be changed by following the instructions below).

To change the settings for power button
Click here to open Power Options.

Currently under the power plan selected, click Change plan settings.

Change in the Plan Settings dialog box, click Change advanced settings.

In the Options dialog box of food, click the plus sign () beside the power button and lid to expand the list.

Click the plus sign () next to the Start menu power button to expand the list.

On a desktop computer, set-list, click a setting for the power button.
- Or --
On a laptop, the battery and blocking in lists, click Settings for the power button.

Click OK.

There is another form as the power button can take. If you set your computer to receive updates automatically, and the updates are ready to be installed, the button appears with a shield on:
When you click the button in this form, installing Windows updates and then stops your computer once the installation is complete.

Note
From your computer after he was arrested takes longer than your computer in standby, sleep, typically 30 seconds or more, depending on the speed of your computer.

When to stop
Although the setting of your computer is the fastest way to turn it off, and the best return to work quickly, there are certain times when you should stop place:

You add or upgrade the hardware in your computer, such as installing memory, hard drive, sound card or video card. Shut down the computer, then unplug it from its power source before proceeding with the upgrade.

You are adding a printer, monitor, external hard drive or other hardware device that does not connect to a universal serial bus (USB) or IEEE 1394 port on your computer. Shut down the computer before you connect the device.

To stop your computer, click the arrow next to the Lock button and choose Shut Down.

Note
When adding material using a USB cable, you do not need to turn off the computer first. Most new devices use USB cables. A USB cable is as follows:

Mobile PC: Close the lid
If you have a laptop, there is an even easier to turn off your computer: Close the lid. You can choose whether your computer sleeps, stops, enters another, or energy-saving condition. Change see what happens when you close your laptop lid.

If you prefer, you can turn off your laptop by pressing the power button on his case. See Changing the function of the power button on a laptop.

Training Computer:Using your keyboard

Using your keyboard
Whether you're writing a letter or entering numeric data, the keyboard is the primary means to enter information into your computer. But did you know that you can also use your keyboard to control your computer? Learning a few simple keyboard commands (instructions to your computer) can help you work more efficiently. This article covers the basics of keyboard and running is that you started with keyboard commands.

How keys are held
The keys on your keyboard can be divided into several groups according to function:

Typing (alphanumeric) key. These include the same letter, numbers, punctuation, and symbol keys found on a traditional typewriter.

Control keys. These keys are used alone or in combination with other keys to perform certain actions. The most frequently used are the CTRL, ALT, the Windows key, and ESC.

The function keys. The function keys are used to perform specific tasks. They are marked as F1, F2, F3, and so on, until F12. The functionality of these keys is different from program to another.

Navigation keys. These buttons are used to move in documents or Web pages and text editing. They include the arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, INSERT and DELETE.

Numeric keypad. The keypad is handy for entering numbers quickly. The keys are grouped in a bloc as a classic calculator or adding machine.

The following illustration shows how these keys are arrayed on a typical keyboard. May differ your keyboard.

Entering text
Whenever you need to type something in software, e-mail or text box you will see a blinking vertical line (). This is the cursor, also called the insertion point. It shows where the text you type will begin. You can move the cursor by clicking on the desired location with the mouse or using the navigation buttons (see "Using the navigation keys" section of this article).

In addition to letters, numbers, punctuation and symbols, as keys input SHIFT, CAPS LOCK, the TAB key and enter, the space bar, and BACKSPACE.

Using keyboard shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts are ways to perform actions with your keyboard. They are called shortcuts because they help you work faster. In fact, almost any action or command, you can achieve with a mouse can be made faster by using one or more keys on your keyboard.

Help topics in a plus sign () between two or more keys indicates that these keys must be pressed in combination. For example, CTRL One way to hold down the CTRL key and press CTRL SHIFT A. One way to hold down the CTRL key and then press SHIFT A.

Find the program shortcuts
You can do things in most programs by using the keyboard. To see the commands have keyboard shortcuts, open a menu. Shortcuts (if available) are shown next to the menu.

Choose menus, commands and options
You can open the menus and commands and select other options using your keyboard. When you press ALT in software, with menus, a letter to each of the menu names becomes stressed. Press a letter underlined to open the menu. Press the letter underlined in a menu item to select this command.

This trick works in dialog boxes too. Whenever you see an underlined letter attached to an option in a dialog box, you can press ALT plus the letter to choose this option.

Useful shortcuts
The following table lists some of the most useful keyboard shortcuts. For a more detailed list, see Keyboard shortcuts.

The assistance of the navigation keys
The navigation buttons let you move the cursor to move through documents and Web pages and edit the text. The following table lists some of the functions of these keys.

Using the keypad
The keypad has the numbers 0 for 9, the arithmetic operators (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication) and / (division), and the comma, as they appear on a calculator or adding the machine. These characters are duplicated elsewhere on the keyboard, of course, but the keyboard arrangement allows you to enter numerical data or mathematical operations with one hand.

To use the numeric keypad to enter numbers, press NUM LOCK. Most keyboards have a light that indicates whether NUM LOCK is on or off. When NUM LOCK is off, the keypad works as a second set of navigation keys (these functions are printed on the keys next to the numbers or symbols).

You can use your keypad to perform simple calculations with the calculator.

Calculator work with the keypad
Click to open the calculator.

Check your keyboard light to see if NUM LOCK is on. If it is not, press NUM LOCK.

Using the keypad, type the first number in the calculation.

On the keyboard, to add - subtract, multiply, * / or to divide.

Type the following number in the calculation.

Press ENTER to calculate.

Three key odd
So far, we have discussed almost all the keys you may use. But to really curious, we will explore the three mysterious buttons on the keyboard: PRINT SCREEN, SCROLL LOCK, and PAUSE / BREAK.

PRINT SCREEN (or PRT SNA)
Long ago, this key actually does what it says it sent the current screen of text to your printer. Today, pressing PRINT screen captures an image of your entire screen (a "screen") and copies to the Clipboard in the memory of your computer. From there you can paste (CTRL-V) in Microsoft Paint or another software and if you want to print from this program.

Is more obscure SYS RQ, which shares with the PRINT SCREEN key on keyboards. Historically, RQ SYS was designed to be an "application system", but this command is not enabled in Windows.

Tip
Press ALT PRINT SCREEN to capture a picture of the active window, instead of the entire screen.

SCROLL LOCK (SCR or LK)
In most programs, pressing SCROLL LOCK has no effect. In some programs, pressing SCROLL LOCK changes the behavior of arrow keys and Page PAGE UP and DOWN key pressing causes to scroll through the document without changing the position of the cursor or the selection. Your keyboard may be a light indicating whether SCROLL LOCK is on.

PAUSE / BREAK
This key is rarely used. In some older programs, pressing the button pause the broadcast or in combination with CTRL, it stops working.

Other buttons
Some modern keyboards come with "hot keys" or buttons that give you fast access to the press of programs, files or commands. Other models have volume controls, scroll wheels, wheels zoom, and other gadgets. For details on these features, check the information with your keyboard or computer, or go to the manufacturer's Web site.

Tips for using your keyboard security
Using your keyboard properly can help avoid pain or damage to your wrists, hands and arms, especially if you use your computer for long periods of time. Here are some tips to help you avoid problems:

Place your keyboard at the elbow. Your arms should be relaxed to your sides.

Center your keyboard in front of you. If your keyboard is a numeric keypad, you can use the space bar as the center.

Type the hands and wrists floating above the keyboard, so you can use your whole arm to reach distant keys instead of stretching your fingers.

Do not rest your palms or wrists on any surface while typing. If your keyboard has a palm rest, use it only during breaks from typing.

While typing, use a light touch and keep your wrists straight.

When you're not typing, relax your arms and hands.

Take short breaks from computer use every 15 to 20 minutes.