Training Computer:Using programs

Almost everything you do on your computer requires using a program. For example, if you want to draw a picture, you need to use a drawing or painting program. To write a letter, you use a word processor. To explore the Internet, you use a software called a Web browser. Thousands are available for Windows.

Starting a program
The Start menu is the gateway to all programs on your computer. To open the Start menu, click the Start button. The left pane of the Start menu contains a list of programs, including your Internet browser, e-mail, and recently used programs. To start a program, click it.

If you do not see the program you want to open but know its name, type all or part of the name in the search engine at the bottom of the left window. For example, to find Windows Photo Gallery, type photo or gallery in the Search box. The left pane instantly displays search results. Under Programs, click on a program to open it.

To browse a complete list of your software, click the Start button, then click All programs. For more information, see the Start menu (overview).

Tip
You can also start a program by opening a file. Opening the file automatically opens the program associated with this file. See open a file or folder.

Using commands in programs
Most contain dozens or even hundreds of commands (actions) that you use to work program. Many of these commands are organized under menus. Like a restaurant menu, a program menu shows you a list of choices. To keep the net screen, menus are hidden until you click on the titles in the menu bar, located just below the title bar. For example, clicking on "Image" in the paint menu bar displays the Image menu:

To choose one of the commands in a menu, click it. Sometimes a dialog box appears, where you can select other options. If a command is unavailable and can not be clicked, it is shown in gray, as the crop in the picture.

Toolbars provide access to frequently used commands in the form of buttons or icons. These orders usually appear in the software menu, too, but toolbars let you choose a command with a single click. Toolbars usually appear just below the menu bar:

Click a toolbar button performs a command. In WordPad, for example, clicking the Save button saves the document. To find out what a toolbar button has at this point. The name of the button or function appears:

Creating a new document
Many programs let you create, edit, save and print documents. In general, a document is any type of file you can edit. For example, a word processor is a type of document, as is a spreadsheet, an e-mail, and a presentation. However, the terms of documents and files are often used interchangeably, pictures, music clips, videos and you can edit files are usually called, even if they are technically documents.

Some software, including WordPad, NotePad, and paintings, open a blank, untitled document automatically when you start the software, so you can start working immediately. You will see a large white area and a generic word like "Untitled" or "Document" in the software of the title bar.

If your program does not open a new document automatically when it starts, you can do yourself:

Click the File menu in the software you use, then click New. If you can open more than one type of document in the software, you might also need to select the type from a list.


Saving a document
As you work on a document, your additions and changes are stored in your computer memory (RAM). The storage of information in RAM is temporary, if your computer is switched off or fails, all information in memory is erased.

Saving a document allows you to appoint and store them permanently on your hard disk. In this way, the document is retained even when your computer is off, and you can open it again later.

To save a document
On the File menu, click Save. If this is the first time you save the document, you will be asked to provide a name for herself and a location on your computer to make.

Even if you saved a document once, you need to keep the backup as you work. This is because the changes you made since your last save the document is stored in RAM, not on the hard disk. To avoid losing the work unexpectedly because of a power outage or other problem, save your document every few minutes.

For more information, see Save a file.

Moving information between files
Most allow you to share text and images between them. For example, you can copy text or a picture from a Web page in Internet Explorer to a document in WordPad. When you copy information, it goes into a temporary storage area called the clipboard. From there you can paste into a document.

Before you start moving information around, you must understand how to switch between open windows on your desktop.
Cancel your last action
Most allow you to cancel (reverse) actions you take, the mistakes you make. For example, if you delete a paragraph in a document accidentally WordPad, you can get by using the Undo command. If you draw a line in the painting that you do not cancel your line straight away and he disappears.

To cancel an action
On the Edit menu, click Cancel.

Get help with software
Almost every program comes with its own in-aid system for those times when you're confused about how the program.

To access a software support system:

In the Help menu in the software, click the first item in the list, such as "Show Help", "Help", or similar text. (The name of this item may vary.)
- Or --
Press F1. This function key opens aid to almost any software.

In addition to program-specific aid, some dialog boxes contain links with their specific functions. If you see a question in a circle or square, color or text and underlined the link, click it to open back up.

Out of a program
To exit a program, click the Close button in the upper right corner. Or in the File menu, click Exit.

Remember to save your document before leaving the program. If you do not work and try to exit the program, the software will ask you if you want to save the document:

To save the document, then quit the program, click Yes.

To exit the program without saving the document, click No.

To return to the issue without leaving it, click Cancel.

The installation or uninstalling programs
You are not limited to use the programs that came with your computer, you can buy new programs on CD or DVD or download programs (free or fee) of the Internet.

Install a program meant to add to your computer. After software is installed, it appears in your Start menu in the list all programs. Some software can also add a shortcut on your desktop.

Training Computer:Using menus, buttons, bars, and boxes

Menus, buttons, scroll bars, and checkboxes are examples of controls that you have with your mouse or keyboard. These controls allow you to select commands, change settings, or to operate with Windows. This section describes how to recognize and use the controls that you encounter often using Windows.

Using menus
Most contain dozens or even hundreds of commands (actions) that you use to work program. Many of these commands are organized under menus. Like a restaurant menu, a program menu shows you a list of choices. To keep the net screen, menus are hidden until you click on the titles in the menu bar, located just below the title bar. For example, clicking on "Image" in painting from the menu bar displays the Image menu:

To choose one of the commands in a menu, click it. Sometimes a dialog box appears, where you can select other options. If a command is unavailable and can not be clicked, it is shown in gray, as the crop in the picture.

Some elements of menu commands are not at all. Instead, they open other menus. In the next image, pointing to "Zoom" opens a sub-menu. Pointing to "Custom" from the submenu opens yet another sub-menu.

If you do not see the command you want, try to look at another menu. Move your mouse pointer along the menu bar and menus open automatically, you do not need to click the menu bar again. To close a menu without selecting a command, click the menu bar or any other part of the window.

Recognizing menus is not always easy, because not all menu controls are similar or even appear on a menu bar. So how can you spot them? When you see an arrow next to a word or picture, you're probably looking for a menu of control. Here are some examples:

Tips
If a shortcut is available for order, it is next to the command.

You can use the menus using your keyboard instead of your mouse. See using your keyboard.

Use the scroll bars
When a document, web page or image exceeds the size of its window, scroll bars appear to allow you to see information that is currently out of sight. The following image shows the elements of a scroll bar.

To run a scroll bar:

Click the up or down arrows to scroll through the window content up or down in small steps. Hold the mouse button to scroll continuously.

Click an empty area of a scroll bar above or below the box to scroll up or down a page.

Drag a scroll up, down, left or right to scroll the window in that direction.

Tip
If your mouse has a scroll wheel, you can use to scroll through documents and Web pages. To scroll down, roll the wheel back (toward you). Scroll up, roll the wheel forward (away from you).

The assistance of command buttons
A command button executes a command (do something) when you click it. You'll most often see them in dialog boxes, which are small windows that contain options for completing a task. For example, if you close Paint a picture without saving it first, you might see a dialog box like this:

To close the photo, you must first click Yes or No button. Click Yes and save the image changes you made, click No and removes the photo and discards any changes you've made. Clicking Cancel rejects the dialog and returns you to the program.

Tip
Pressing ENTER does the same thing as clicking a command button is selected (indicated).

Outside the dialogs, command buttons vary in appearance, it is sometimes difficult to know what is a button and what is not. For example, command buttons often appear as small icons (pictures) without any text or rectangular. The photo below shows a variety of command buttons:

The surest way to determine if something is a command button is to rest your pointer over it. If it "lights" and is framed by a rectangle, you discovered a button. Most buttons also display a text on their function when you point at them:

If a button turns into two parts when you point to it, you discovered a fraction of a button. By clicking on the main part of running a command button while clicking the arrow opens a menu with more options.

Using buttons
Option buttons allow you to make a choice between two or more options. They appear frequently in dialog boxes. The photo below shows three buttons. The "Flip vertical" is selected.

To select an option, click a button. One option may be selected.

Use check boxes
Checkboxes allow you to select one or several options. Unlike buttons, you are limited to a choice, checkboxes let you choose several options at the same time.

To make check boxes:

Click an empty box to select or "turn on" this option. A check mark appears in the square, which indicates that the option is selected.

To disable an option, clear (remove) the boat by clicking on it.

The options that currently can not be selected or authorized are shown in gray.

The cursors
A slider lets you adjust a setting along a range of values. It is as follows:

A cursor along the bar shows the value currently selected. In the example above, the cursor is positioned midway between slow and fast, which indicates an average speed of the pointer.

To drive a cursor, drag the cursor to the value you want.

Using text boxes
A text box allows you to enter information such as a search term or password. The image below shows a dialog box containing a text box. We Entered "ours" in the text box.

A vertical line called the blinking cursor indicates where the text you type will appear. In the example, you can see the cursor after the "r" of "bear". You can easily move the cursor by clicking on the new post. For example, to add a word before "bear", first you move the cursor by clicking before "B."

If you do not see the cursor in the text box, it means that the text box is not ready for your contribution. Click on the box first, then start typing.

Text boxes that require you to enter a password usually hide your password that you type, if someone else is looking at your screen.

The assistance of dropdowns
Dropdown menus are similar. Instead of clicking on an order, if you choose an option. When closed, a drop-down list shows only option currently selected. Other options are hidden until you click the control, as indicated below:

To open a drop-down list, click it. To choose an option from the list, click the option.

Using the list boxes
A list box displays a list of options you can choose. Unlike a drop-down list, some or all options are visible without having to open the list.

To choose an option from the list, click it. If the option you want is not visible, use the scroll bar to scroll up or down. If the box has a text box above, you can type the name or the value of the option.

Using tabs
In some dialog boxes, options are divided into two or more tabs. Only a tab or a set of options can be considered at a time.

The currently selected tab appears before the other tabs. To switch to another tab, click the tab.

Training Computer:Working with windows

When you open a program, file or folder, it appears on your screen in a box or a window frame call (which is where the Windows operating system gets its name). Why are all the windows in Windows, it is important to understand how to move, resize it, or simply make them disappear.

Parts of a window
Although the contents of each window are different, all windows share some things in common. On the one hand, the windows always appear on the desktop, the main work area of the screen. In addition, most of the windows have the same basic parts:

Title bar. Displays the name of the document and program (or the folder name if you are working in a folder).

Minimize, Maximize, and Close buttons. These buttons hide the window, expand it to cover the whole screen, and close, respectively (more details on these little).

Menu bar. Contains elements that can click to make decisions in a program. See Using menus, buttons, bars and boxes.

Scroll bar. It lets you scroll through the contents of the window to see the information that is currently out of sight.

The boundaries and corners. You can drag these with your mouse to resize the window.

Other windows may have additional buttons, boxes, or bars. But what we usually have the basic parts, too.

Move a window
To move a window, select your title bar with the mouse pointer. Then drag the window to the desired location. (Drag means to bring to an issue, holding the mouse button, move the issue with the pointer, and then release the mouse button.)

Changing the size of a window
To make a window fill the entire screen, click the Maximize button or double-click the window's title bar.

To return a maximized window to its previous size, click the Restore button (it appears in place of the Maximize button). Or, double-click the window's title bar.

To resize a window (which is smaller or larger), at any point in the window borders or corners. When the mouse pointer changes to a two-headed arrow (see photo below), drag the edge or corner to reduce or enlarge the window.

A window that is maximized can not be resized. You must return to its previous size in the first place.

Observe
While most of the windows can be resized up, and there are some windows that are fixed in size, such as dialog boxes.

Hide a window
Hide a window that is called minimization of the same. If you want a window of the house without temporarily close it, minimize it.

To minimize a window, click the minimize button. The window disappears from the desktop and is visible only as a button on the taskbar, the long horizontal bar at the bottom of the screen.

To make a minimized window will reappear on the desktop, click its button on the taskbar. The window appears exactly as it did before it was minimized. For more information about the taskbar, see The taskbar (overview).

Close a Window
Closing a window that eliminates from the desktop and the taskbar. If you're done with a program or document and does not need to return to it immediately, close it.

To close a window, click the Close button.

Observe
If you close a document without saving changes, a message that gives you the option to save your changes.

Switching between windows
If you open more than one program or document, the desktop can quickly become full of windows. Keeping track of open windows that have not always easy, because some windows could be partially or completely cover others.

Using the taskbar. The taskbar provides a way to organize all your windows. Each window has a button on the taskbar. To switch to another window, click its button on the taskbar. The window in front of all other windows, making it the active window, which is currently working in.

To easily identify a window, select the button on your taskbar. A small picture called A thumbnail that shows a thumbnail of the window. This preview is especially useful if you can not identify a window by its title alone.

If the taskbar gets too full of buttons, and buttons for the same program are grouped into a single button, as shown in the picture below. Click the button to see a menu of items in the group, then select a theme for which is the active window.
Using ALT TAB. You can change to the previous screen by pressing ALT TAB, or cycle through all open windows on the desktop, and by holding the ALT and repeatedly pressing TAB. ALT release window to display selected.

Using Windows Flip 3D. Windows Flip 3D Windows organizes three-dimensional stack that can quickly flip through. To use Flip 3D:

Hold down the Windows logo and press TAB to open Flip 3D.

While holding down the button with the Windows logo, press TAB repeatedly or rotate the mouse wheel to scroll through open windows. You can also press right arrow or down arrow to move forward toward a window, or press the left or the up arrow to move back a window.

Release the key with the Windows logo to display the window frontmost in the stack. Or, click on any part of any window in the stack to show that window.

Observe
Flip 3D and taskbar previews the window will not work unless your computer is running Windows Aero, the premium visual experience for Windows Vista. Aero is not available in Windows Vista Starter or Windows Vista Home Basic.
Tip
You can also open Flip 3D button Switch between windows button on the taskbar. Then click on a window of the stack to show that window, click in or out of the stack to close Flip 3D without changing the windows.

Arrange the windows automatically
Now he knows how to move and resize windows, you can arrange them however you like on your desktop. You also can have Windows automatically organize in one of three ways: they Cascade, stacked vertically or side by side.

To choose one of these options, right-click an empty area of the taskbar, then click on Cascade Windows, Windows Show stacked, or Show Windows Side by Side.

Dialogs
A dialog box is a special type of window that asks you a question, lets you select options to perform a task, or gives you the information. You often see dialog boxes when a program or Windows requires a response that continue.

Unlike the windows, most dialog boxes can not be maximized, minimized, or size. They can, however, be moved.